Valproic Acid Toxicity When the calmer becomes the culprit In the ICU, some tox cases whisper and some unravel like a metabolic domino cascade. Valproate toxicity belongs to the latter. L Carnitine DR MARTIN'S NUTRITION Quantitative systems pharmacology Model to characterize valproic acid induced hyperammonemia and the effect of L carnitine supplementation ScienceDirect What are the side effects of Depakote (valproate) toxicity, particularly in patients with pre existing liver or kidney disease? Managing valproic acid toxicity related hyperammonaemia: an unpredicted course BMJ Case Reports Science review: Carnitine in the treatment of valproic acid induced toxicity what is the evidence? Critical Care Springer Nature Link